"Let us learn to show our friendship..." (The Great Gatsby)

“Let us learn to show our friendship for a man when he is alive and not after he is dead. After that my own rule is to leave everything alone.” – F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby.

Said by Meyer Wolfsheim to Nick Carraway after the murder of Jay Gatsby, the former’s business partner and the latter’s “friend”*.

On the surface, the first sentence is a wonderful quote and a great mantra to live one’s life by.

The second sentence, again taking this at surface level, isn’t quite so great – what Wolfsheim means is that after the subject of one’s friendship dies, one ought not to get involved with areas surrounding them. However, it is incredibly important to allow yourself to grieve, in whatever way, and to ask people to “leave everything alone” after a death is to ask the impossible.

However, we shouldn’t feel sorry for Wolfsheim here. He’s not asking the impossible of himself with his “own rule” – he wouldn’t grieve if he had allowed himself to. This quote from the businessman is said to our narrator Nick Carraway as an excuse to skip Gatsby’s funeral.

And so the characterisation of Wolfsheim is complete. His indifference towards Gatsby as anything other than a (shady) business partner (read: money maker) generated by Fitzgerald here is used to further the impression of him as a cold-hearted, self-interested man only concerned with making himself money.

Should one regard the character of Wolfsheim as a symbol for the novel’s theme of the American Dream, we can then transfer those qualities to Fitzgerald’s commentary on this issue. From this, we can extrapolate that Fitzgerald uses Wolfsheim as a tool to criticise the American Dream and exhibit the moral decline of those who pursued it at the time. Wolfsheim’s “us” is empty to him, but in truth his quote, and its implicit themes, acts as a mouthpiece for all the other characters who didn’t attend the funeral.

In this way, at this moment Fitzgerald uses Wolfsheim as a foil for Nick, the man at the other end of the conversation. Nick is trying to organise Gatsby’s funeral – Wolfsheim is skipping it. Wolfsheim feels no guilt, Nick’s choice to arrange the funeral is driven by guilt, and Wolfsheim’s quote subtly reproaches Nick.

Was Nick truly a friend to Gatsby? Discuss in the comments below…

*read those quote marks as you will…

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